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	<title>Comments on: How many shares should be authorized in the certificate of incorporation?</title>
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	<link>http://www.startupcompanylawyer.com/2008/01/25/how-many-shares-should-be-authorized-in-the-certificate-of-incorporation/</link>
	<description>Venture capital, seed financings, convertible note bridge debt, M&#038;A, option vesting and other matters explained for founders and entrepreneurs</description>
	<lastBuildDate>Tue, 10 Aug 2010 22:20:47 +0000</lastBuildDate>
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		<title>By: Puneet</title>
		<link>http://www.startupcompanylawyer.com/2008/01/25/how-many-shares-should-be-authorized-in-the-certificate-of-incorporation/comment-page-2/#comment-3171</link>
		<dc:creator>Puneet</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Sat, 29 May 2010 17:42:57 +0000</pubDate>
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		<description>Hello Yakom&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;We (3 founders) have incorporated a company in Delaware. All 3 of us are non-U.S. citizens and we do not even reside in the U.S.. Could you direct me, if there can be any tax liability on us as individuals in the U.S. since we hold shares of a company based in the U.S.?&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;I ask this to know about any tax consequences bequeathed upon us due to possessing the shares of a U.S. based company in the long term, and to decide if and how to opt for the Section 83(b) election in the short term, since mine is a Restricted Stock Purchase and I do not have a U.S. Taxpayer ID as required in that election.&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;Any help is greatly appreciated.&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;Thanks,&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;Puneet</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Hello Yakom</p>
<p>We (3 founders) have incorporated a company in Delaware. All 3 of us are non-U.S. citizens and we do not even reside in the U.S.. Could you direct me, if there can be any tax liability on us as individuals in the U.S. since we hold shares of a company based in the U.S.?</p>
<p>I ask this to know about any tax consequences bequeathed upon us due to possessing the shares of a U.S. based company in the long term, and to decide if and how to opt for the Section 83(b) election in the short term, since mine is a Restricted Stock Purchase and I do not have a U.S. Taxpayer ID as required in that election.</p>
<p>Any help is greatly appreciated.</p>
<p>Thanks,</p>
<p>Puneet</p>
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		<title>By: Yokum</title>
		<link>http://www.startupcompanylawyer.com/2008/01/25/how-many-shares-should-be-authorized-in-the-certificate-of-incorporation/comment-page-2/#comment-3090</link>
		<dc:creator>Yokum</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Sun, 07 Mar 2010 11:51:24 +0000</pubDate>
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		<description>@tommy - you should consult with you own attorney, as you will clearly need one to set up the structure that you have outlined.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>@tommy &#8211; you should consult with you own attorney, as you will clearly need one to set up the structure that you have outlined.</p>
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		<title>By: tommy585</title>
		<link>http://www.startupcompanylawyer.com/2008/01/25/how-many-shares-should-be-authorized-in-the-certificate-of-incorporation/comment-page-2/#comment-3082</link>
		<dc:creator>tommy585</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Tue, 23 Feb 2010 21:01:38 +0000</pubDate>
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		<description>Hi Yakom&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;Very good blog here mate!  I am in the process of incorporating and offshore company to deal in Precious Metals Trading. I would appreciate if you could advise me in the start-up share allocation for a company authorised to raise $1m .&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;Share Authorisation –IBC2&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;One Million Shares&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;Par Value US$1 per Share&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;Share Classification&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;Class A Share&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;1 Share = Common Stock Full Voting Rights&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;Subscribed to by IBC 1&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;Class B Share&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;999,000 Shares = Common Stock or Preferred Stock (I think Preferred Stock)? NO Voting Rights&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;Allocation Maximum 49 % = 489,510 shares Subscribed to Private Equity Investors, however it will only equate to start with towards the initial capital required for one consignment value to be traded within a normal trading cycle, so it will not be that 49 % of Class B Stock is fully issued to start with. Probably in the range of 4-5% of available shares would be allocated per trade.&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;The value of our shares offered/allocated would be in that what investors would be willing to pay for them in return for a company that has a;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;1) Good concept&lt;br&gt;2) Good business plan&lt;br&gt;3) Good ROI&lt;br&gt;4) No future IPO&#039;S will be entered into&lt;br&gt;5) No dilution of fixed share value -the reason I say fixed value is that shares allocated /issued will be a set capital value required to enter that trade cycle. Prior preferred stock issues will have priority for dividends as per ROI for their respective cycles, as well as priority over common stock holders. So no pre-emptive rights or subscription warrants are necessary.&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;The Other 50 % of Stock will not be made available to start with and will be held in reserve so as to avoid hostile takeovers as such I don’t think there could be as IBC 1 owns IBC 2. Would that be right? &lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;Also I would think that would avoid major hassle with Venture capital funding as they wouldn’t be interested in lack of common stock  and we wouldn’t be interested in hostile takeovers any way’s.&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;Thank you in advance if you answer me&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;tommy</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Hi Yakom</p>
<p>Very good blog here mate!  I am in the process of incorporating and offshore company to deal in Precious Metals Trading. I would appreciate if you could advise me in the start-up share allocation for a company authorised to raise $1m .</p>
<p>Share Authorisation –IBC2</p>
<p>One Million Shares</p>
<p>Par Value US$1 per Share</p>
<p>Share Classification</p>
<p>Class A Share</p>
<p>1 Share = Common Stock Full Voting Rights</p>
<p>Subscribed to by IBC 1</p>
<p>Class B Share</p>
<p>999,000 Shares = Common Stock or Preferred Stock (I think Preferred Stock)? NO Voting Rights</p>
<p>Allocation Maximum 49 % = 489,510 shares Subscribed to Private Equity Investors, however it will only equate to start with towards the initial capital required for one consignment value to be traded within a normal trading cycle, so it will not be that 49 % of Class B Stock is fully issued to start with. Probably in the range of 4-5% of available shares would be allocated per trade.</p>
<p>The value of our shares offered/allocated would be in that what investors would be willing to pay for them in return for a company that has a;</p>
<p>1) Good concept<br />2) Good business plan<br />3) Good ROI<br />4) No future IPO&#39;S will be entered into<br />5) No dilution of fixed share value -the reason I say fixed value is that shares allocated /issued will be a set capital value required to enter that trade cycle. Prior preferred stock issues will have priority for dividends as per ROI for their respective cycles, as well as priority over common stock holders. So no pre-emptive rights or subscription warrants are necessary.</p>
<p>The Other 50 % of Stock will not be made available to start with and will be held in reserve so as to avoid hostile takeovers as such I don’t think there could be as IBC 1 owns IBC 2. Would that be right? </p>
<p>Also I would think that would avoid major hassle with Venture capital funding as they wouldn’t be interested in lack of common stock  and we wouldn’t be interested in hostile takeovers any way’s.</p>
<p>Thank you in advance if you answer me</p>
<p>tommy</p>
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		<title>By: Yokum</title>
		<link>http://www.startupcompanylawyer.com/2008/01/25/how-many-shares-should-be-authorized-in-the-certificate-of-incorporation/comment-page-2/#comment-3073</link>
		<dc:creator>Yokum</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Mon, 22 Feb 2010 08:22:55 +0000</pubDate>
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		<description>@Annabelle - if it is a one person catering company, a low number of shares is fine.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>@Annabelle &#8211; if it is a one person catering company, a low number of shares is fine.</p>
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		<title>By: annabelle1976</title>
		<link>http://www.startupcompanylawyer.com/2008/01/25/how-many-shares-should-be-authorized-in-the-certificate-of-incorporation/comment-page-2/#comment-3072</link>
		<dc:creator>annabelle1976</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Thu, 18 Feb 2010 04:45:27 +0000</pubDate>
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		<description>Dear Yokum,&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;I am incorporating my business in California. It&#039;s a small Private Catering Company and it&#039;s basically a one person operation. My lawyer is asking me about a number of shares to be issued and I don&#039;t know what&#039;s best for tax purposes. I don&#039;t really know how it works the more shares are to be issued the more you pay in taxes? The lawyer tells me they normally issue 200 shares, which compared to the numbers I see in these posts seem pretty low. Can you please give me some advice. Thank you.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Dear Yokum,</p>
<p>I am incorporating my business in California. It&#39;s a small Private Catering Company and it&#39;s basically a one person operation. My lawyer is asking me about a number of shares to be issued and I don&#39;t know what&#39;s best for tax purposes. I don&#39;t really know how it works the more shares are to be issued the more you pay in taxes? The lawyer tells me they normally issue 200 shares, which compared to the numbers I see in these posts seem pretty low. Can you please give me some advice. Thank you.</p>
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		<title>By: Yokum</title>
		<link>http://www.startupcompanylawyer.com/2008/01/25/how-many-shares-should-be-authorized-in-the-certificate-of-incorporation/comment-page-2/#comment-3053</link>
		<dc:creator>Yokum</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Sun, 31 Jan 2010 03:24:27 +0000</pubDate>
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		<description>@Rachael - yes, 10 shares are okay.  Most people would do 1,000 so there is a little bit more granularity in the event additional shares will be issued to others, like family members.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>@Rachael &#8211; yes, 10 shares are okay.  Most people would do 1,000 so there is a little bit more granularity in the event additional shares will be issued to others, like family members.</p>
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		<title>By: RachaelLW</title>
		<link>http://www.startupcompanylawyer.com/2008/01/25/how-many-shares-should-be-authorized-in-the-certificate-of-incorporation/comment-page-2/#comment-3046</link>
		<dc:creator>RachaelLW</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Wed, 27 Jan 2010 00:02:02 +0000</pubDate>
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		<description>My husband is a general contractor.  His company, owned only by himself, no partners or co-owners, was previously an LLC.  I just dissolved the LLC in order to start up a C-Corp (research has proven better tax advantages...and, besides, GC&#039;s aren&#039;t protected personally by an LLC in California so it was completely pointless).  Our newly appointed CPA suggested the C-Corp and, being the internet research loving person that I am, I have read and read and read up on it.  I guess trying to sound smart and informed when I met with this CPA backfired because he gave me the homework of creating the C-Corp myself.  Well, I don&#039;t want to pay him to do it anway.  But I am having a hard time with just one thing...issuing shares.  My husband has no intention of sharing the company anytime soon, if ever, or of taking on any partners in the future (unless serious luck is bestowed upon him and overnight this company turns into the equivalent of KB Homes).  So, lets just say for now that he is the only owner, he is the only owner that will ever exist, and any future employees will not have any options to purchase stock.  How many shares of stock should we list on the Articles of Incorporation?  Heck, why does there have to be any shares anyway?  All these huge numbers (10mil, 100k, etc.) seem ridiculous.  It&#039;s just him, doing most of the physical work by himself...and me sitting at the computer typing up his invoices.  I just want to be able to write off more stuff and not be subject to self-employment tax.  Can I just type &quot;This corporation is authorized to issue only one class of shares of stock; and the total number of shares which this corporation is authorized to issue is 10&quot; under Section V?</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>My husband is a general contractor.  His company, owned only by himself, no partners or co-owners, was previously an LLC.  I just dissolved the LLC in order to start up a C-Corp (research has proven better tax advantages&#8230;and, besides, GC&#39;s aren&#39;t protected personally by an LLC in California so it was completely pointless).  Our newly appointed CPA suggested the C-Corp and, being the internet research loving person that I am, I have read and read and read up on it.  I guess trying to sound smart and informed when I met with this CPA backfired because he gave me the homework of creating the C-Corp myself.  Well, I don&#39;t want to pay him to do it anway.  But I am having a hard time with just one thing&#8230;issuing shares.  My husband has no intention of sharing the company anytime soon, if ever, or of taking on any partners in the future (unless serious luck is bestowed upon him and overnight this company turns into the equivalent of KB Homes).  So, lets just say for now that he is the only owner, he is the only owner that will ever exist, and any future employees will not have any options to purchase stock.  How many shares of stock should we list on the Articles of Incorporation?  Heck, why does there have to be any shares anyway?  All these huge numbers (10mil, 100k, etc.) seem ridiculous.  It&#39;s just him, doing most of the physical work by himself&#8230;and me sitting at the computer typing up his invoices.  I just want to be able to write off more stuff and not be subject to self-employment tax.  Can I just type &#8220;This corporation is authorized to issue only one class of shares of stock; and the total number of shares which this corporation is authorized to issue is 10&#8243; under Section V?</p>
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		<title>By: mariaCA</title>
		<link>http://www.startupcompanylawyer.com/2008/01/25/how-many-shares-should-be-authorized-in-the-certificate-of-incorporation/comment-page-2/#comment-3043</link>
		<dc:creator>mariaCA</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Mon, 25 Jan 2010 21:27:46 +0000</pubDate>
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		<description>Hi, Yokum,  we don&#039;t have the cash to hire the lawyers right now--can we do a simple incorporation with only common stocks now, award investors common stock now, and later change the angel investors common stock to preferred stock?  Would that be done by holding a board meeting, followed by voting to change the articles of association (and filing an amended articles with the state, with lawyer help), then voting to change the common stock already issued to these 2 investors to preferred?  Is that chain of action possible?  Thank you for your reply!</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Hi, Yokum,  we don&#39;t have the cash to hire the lawyers right now&#8211;can we do a simple incorporation with only common stocks now, award investors common stock now, and later change the angel investors common stock to preferred stock?  Would that be done by holding a board meeting, followed by voting to change the articles of association (and filing an amended articles with the state, with lawyer help), then voting to change the common stock already issued to these 2 investors to preferred?  Is that chain of action possible?  Thank you for your reply!</p>
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		<title>By: Yokum</title>
		<link>http://www.startupcompanylawyer.com/2008/01/25/how-many-shares-should-be-authorized-in-the-certificate-of-incorporation/comment-page-2/#comment-3040</link>
		<dc:creator>Yokum</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Mon, 25 Jan 2010 11:03:25 +0000</pubDate>
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		<description>@Maria - you need an attorney to help you.  What you&#039;ve described is beyond a do it yourself project.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>@Maria &#8211; you need an attorney to help you.  What you&#39;ve described is beyond a do it yourself project.</p>
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		<title>By: mariaCA</title>
		<link>http://www.startupcompanylawyer.com/2008/01/25/how-many-shares-should-be-authorized-in-the-certificate-of-incorporation/comment-page-2/#comment-3039</link>
		<dc:creator>mariaCA</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Mon, 25 Jan 2010 11:00:17 +0000</pubDate>
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		<description>I am incorporating in California (C corp), transitioning from a bootstrap business to one where we have two angel investors committed to putting in $200K.  They are to get Series A preferred shares (@ $1 par value), and we also will have common stock granted to myself and my CTO for services to date (vesting to start June 2009 when we began the business, total grant 267,500).  We&#039;re leaving 82,500 for the future common stock pool. Total valuation $550,000.  Now that I&#039;m filing for incorporation, do I need to put both the Preferred and the common stocks into my articles of incorporation (we&#039;re planning to use an online  incorporation service to expedite things)?  Or can I file with the standard common stock template and then amend the articles?  Don&#039;t want to make a delay because we would like the money to come in ASAP, of course.  Is it complicated to put two types of shares into the articles?  Can I use a template I have or must I use a lawyer to do this Article IV?  Thanks so much!</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>I am incorporating in California (C corp), transitioning from a bootstrap business to one where we have two angel investors committed to putting in $200K.  They are to get Series A preferred shares (@ $1 par value), and we also will have common stock granted to myself and my CTO for services to date (vesting to start June 2009 when we began the business, total grant 267,500).  We&#39;re leaving 82,500 for the future common stock pool. Total valuation $550,000.  Now that I&#39;m filing for incorporation, do I need to put both the Preferred and the common stocks into my articles of incorporation (we&#39;re planning to use an online  incorporation service to expedite things)?  Or can I file with the standard common stock template and then amend the articles?  Don&#39;t want to make a delay because we would like the money to come in ASAP, of course.  Is it complicated to put two types of shares into the articles?  Can I use a template I have or must I use a lawyer to do this Article IV?  Thanks so much!</p>
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